![]() ![]() Treated hide pieces and untreated controls were tanned and the quality of leather was assessed. Methods and Results: Pieces of bovine hide were heated to 75 degreesC (+/- 2 degreesC) ( n = 3) or 80 degreesC ( +/- 2 degreesC) ( n = 3) for periods of 1, 10 or 20 s by the application of steam at subatmospheric pressure in a laboratory scale apparatus. By using the best available technologies and optimized systems the leather industry can evolve as an environment friendly technology.Īims: To examine the effect of subatmospheric steam treatment on total viable counts ( TVCs) on bovine hide and on the quality of derived leather. The technologies can have up-front additional costs but have to be balanced against multiple benefits in terms of environmental cleanup, improved labour productivity, material quality consistency and better international image. The methods have been reviewed for their technical suitability and commercial feasibility and it was felt that combination of both is essential. Both methods have been applied to prevent negative impact on the environment during leather production. The other category is related to the treatment of wastewater, handling and processing of solid waste in an environment-friendly manner. Out of the two broad categories of technical methods, the first group involves the introduction of processing technologies by decreasing the effluent pollution load, avoiding the use of harmful chemicals and producing solid wastes that can be used as by-products. The situation has highlighted the need for greener technologies. European Chemical Agency (ECHA) has prioritized some of the hazardous chemicals used in leather under Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) and substances for Authorization. The chemicals discharged into aquatic systems end up in highly polluted sediments and salinisation of rivers. The tanning processes contribute significantly to chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), chlorides, sulfates and heavy metal pollution. ![]() ![]() Leather industry has significant economic influence however, it suffers from the negative impact due to environmental pollution caused by tannery wastes produced during leather processing processes. ![]()
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